Cllr Tariq Dar, the next Mayor of Brent, has hailed the news that facial recognition is coming to Brent on Twitter saying, 'Great news, this will help reduce the crime rate in Brent.'
The zoom meeting on May 21st (email Brentiag.community@gmail.com to attend) will be an important opportunity to debate the drawbacks and merits of the technology and its uses.
Note that the meeting is not asking Brent citizens if they want facial recognition used in the borough, that is stated as a fact: 'Facial recognition technology is coming to Brent!'
It is particularly important in Brent as police are said to favour its use for the scanning of large crowds such as those at Wembley Stadium and the Arena. Another Brent factor is the doubts raised over its accuracy when surveying people of colour and discriminatory use by the police. An additional concern is its use on private developments and private 'public spaces' such as Olympic Way where safeguards may not be strong..
The civil rights organisation Liberty devotes several pages to the issue on its website LINK. Extract below:
What is facial recognition?
Put simply, facial recognition is a form of technology that attempts to match
a person’s face from a picture, video footage or live camera feed to a database
of facial images.
Do the police use facial recognition?
Yes. Several UK police forces have used facial recognition technology since
Leicestershire Police scanned thousands of people’s faces with it at Download
Festival in 2015.
Police use has been spearheaded by the Metropolitan Police and South Wales
Police. The forces have used the surveillance tech to scan hundreds of
thousands of faces at protests, sporting events, concerts, Notting Hill
Carnival, Remembrance Sunday, train stations, busy shopping streets, and even
the seaside.
In 2022, it’s clear that the Met Police is ramping up its use of the tech.
How does police facial recognition work?
Police facial recognition works by measuring and ‘mapping’ a person’s unique
facial features. These ‘maps’ are then converted into a numerical code to be
matched against the codes of faces on secretive watch lists.
Up until now, the police have used what is known as ‘live’ facial recognition.
This means that the act of scanning a person’s face and comparing to the watch
list happens in real time.
It usually involves facial recognition cameras mounted on top of police
vehicles stationed in crowded areas. The cameras scan the faces of everyone in
range, and the software instantly compares them to the database.
Recently, South Wales Police announced that it was testing facial
recognition on officers’ phones, so they could more easily scan people’s faces
in the street.
As well as ‘live’ facial recognition, the Met has purchased software that
allows it to carry out what is called ‘retroactive’ facial recognition. This is
when faces in still images or previously captured video footage are scanned and
compared to the watch list.
Who is on the watch list?
The police say the watch lists are made up of dangerous criminals and people
wanted by the courts. There are usually thousands of people on a watch list
each time a force uses facial recognition.
In 2020, we represented Ed Bridges against South Wales Police (SWP) in the
world’s first legal challenge to the use of live facial recognition – more on
this below (spoiler, we won).
During the case, we were able to see SWP documents that revealed that anyone
could be on the watch list, whether they were wanted in connection with a crime
or not. It also became clear that the images on the watch list could come from
anywhere. The police could even take them from our social media accounts.
What’s the problem with police facial recognition?
The ‘maps’ that facial recognition makes of your face is unique to you. Much
like a fingerprint, it is identifiable biometric data.
With ‘live’ police facial recognition, cameras scan everyone in sight, so
this data is likely being snatched from you without your knowledge or consent.
And this is certainly the case with ‘retroactive’ police use.
This is gross violation of your human rights.
Police officers have previously admitted to us that they just deploy live
facial recognition in crowded areas to scan as many people as possible.
Retroactive facial recognition also turns every photo or video available to
the police – including any you upload to social media – into a possible
surveillance tool.
Does it work?
Lots has been said about the inaccuracies of the tech and how incorrect
matches with the watch list have led to harmful police interactions.
Studies show that it particularly struggles to tell Black people apart, and
has difficulty with women of any ethnicity.
But the idea that more accurate tech would lessen the problems with facial
recognition is false. History shows that surveillance technology will always be
used to monitor and harass people of colour. More accurate tech would only make
this easier and discriminatory policing worse.
Is it lawful?
No.
When Liberty and campaigner Ed Bridges took South Wales Police to court for
its use of live facial recognition, the Court said the force’s use of the tech
was unlawful because it violated everyone’s human rights.
The Court also said that SWP hadn’t adequately taken account of the
discriminatory impact of the tech – failing to meet its obligations under
equality laws.
And by processing people’s unique biometric data, SWP also breached data
protection laws.
You can read
more about our legal victory here.
The Met Police has pushed ahead and continues to use live facial recognition
after our win against SWP, but the Met’s use must also violate human rights,
equality and data protection laws – and is therefore unlawful.
We also believe that retroactive facial recognition is similarly unlawful.
What should happen?
Especially after our court victory, there have been calls for Parliament to
create laws governing police use of facial recognition.
However, there is no way of creating a law that solves the human rights or
data protection issues, let alone discriminatory policing.
The safest thing to do is ban police from using dangerous facial recognition
surveillance technology. More than 80,000 people have signed our petition. Add your name today.